The element which has 34 protons in its nucleus is selenium. Selenium is a nonmetallic element that belongs to the group of chalcogens on the periodic table. With an atomic number of 34, selenium exhibits unique chemical properties and is essential for various biological processes in living organisms.
Selenium is commonly used in the production of electronics, glass, and pigments due to its semiconducting properties. Additionally, it is a crucial nutrient for humans and animals, playing a significant role in antioxidant defense systems and thyroid hormone metabolism. With its diverse range of applications and importance in biological functions, the element with 34 protons, selenium, holds a prominent place in science and industry.
Atomic numbers are used to identify and classify elements in the periodic table. Each element has a unique atomic number that is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus. In this article, we will focus on the element with 34 protons and explore its properties and significance.
The Element
The element with 34 protons is selenium (Se). It is a nonmetal and belongs to the oxygen group on the periodic table. Selenium is found in several forms, including a gray crystalline metalloid and amorphous red powder.
Discovery and History
Selenium was discovered by the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1817. He named the element after the Greek word “selene,” which means moon. Selenium was primarily extracted from sulfuric acid, and its properties were further studied in the following years.
Properties
Selenium has interesting properties that make it useful in various applications:
- Atomic Symbol: Se
- Atomic Number: 34
- Atomic Weight: 78.96 atomic mass units
- Group: Oxygen group
- Period: Period 4
- Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4
- State at Room Temperature: Solid
- Melting Point: 220.8 degrees Celsius
- Boiling Point: 685 degrees Celsius
- Density: 4.79 grams per cubic centimeter
One of the unique properties of selenium is its semiconductor nature. It exhibits both metallic and non-metallic characteristics, making it valuable in various industries.
Applications
Selenium is utilized in several fields due to its interesting properties:
- Photovoltaic Cells: Selenium is a crucial component in the production of solar cells. It converts sunlight into electricity, making it an essential material for solar panel technology.
- Photocopying and Printing: The photosensitive properties of selenium make it useful in photocopiers and laser printers. It forms an electrostatic image, which is then transferred onto paper.
- Glass Manufacturing: Selenium is added to glass formulations to improve its clarity and remove any green tint caused by iron impurities.
- Medicine: Selenium supplements are taken by individuals to support their immune system and overall health. It is also an essential trace element for various enzymes involved in antioxidant defense mechanisms.
- Agriculture: Selenium is necessary for the growth and development of plants. It is commonly used as a fertilizer to enrich selenium-deficient soils.
Occurrences
Selenium can be found in various natural sources:
- Ores and Minerals: Selenium is primarily extracted from ores such as Millerite, Clausthalite, and Naumannite. It can also be found in trace amounts in other minerals and ores.
- Soil: Selenium content in soil varies depending on the geographical location. Some areas have selenium-rich soil, while others may be deficient in selenium.
- Water: Certain bodies of water may contain dissolved selenium, which can be absorbed by aquatic organisms.
- Food: Selenium is naturally present in many foods, including Brazil nuts, eggs, fish, and whole grains.
Selenium, with its 34 protons, is a fascinating element with unique properties and diverse applications. From solar cell technology to medicine and agriculture, selenium plays an important role in various fields. Its discovery and history add to the significance of this element, named after the moon. Whether in the periodic table or in practical applications, selenium continues to contribute to our everyday lives.
An element with 34 protons is selenium.